Word Ways
The Journal of Recreational Linguistics · published quarterly since 1968
Guides · Word Lists

Every Two-Letter Word (and When to Actually Play Them)

The two-letter words are the load-bearing walls of Scrabble, Words With Friends and half the crossword grid. Here is the complete legal list, what the strange ones mean, and the parallel-play trick that turns them into forty-point turns.

Q10 I1 Z10 A1 X8 U1 J8 O1 A1 X8 SMALL WORDS, BIG SCORES

Ask a tournament Scrabble player what to learn first and the answer is always the same: the twos. There are only around a hundred of them, they never change much, and they unlock the single most profitable move in tile games — the parallel play. They also rescue crossword corners, pad out Wordscapes levels, and settle more kitchen-table arguments than any other list in English.

The complete list

These are the two-letter words legal under the NASPA Word List used in North American tournament play (international Collins play adds a handful more). Grouped by first letter:

AAABADAEAGAHAIALAMANARASATAWAXAY
BABEBIBOBYDADEDOEDEFEHELEMENERESETEWEX
FAFEGOHAHEHIHMHOIDIFINISITJOKAKILALILO
MAMEMIMMMOMUMYNANENONUODOEOFOHOIOKOMONOPOROSOWOXOY
PAPEPIPOQIRESHSISOTATETITOUHUMUNUPUSUTWEWOXIXUYAYEYOZA

What the weird ones actually mean

WordMeaning
QILife force in Chinese philosophy — the most-played Q word in Scrabble history
ZASlang for pizza; the Z rescue word
XUA Vietnamese coin, one-hundredth of a dong
XIThe fourteenth Greek letter
JOScots for sweetheart
AARough, jagged lava — Hawaiian, and a geologist's favourite opener
AEScots for one
OEA whirlwind off the Faroe Islands
UTThe old name for the musical note do
KAThe spirit-double of a person in Egyptian mythology

Every definition checks out in Merriam-Webster — worth bookmarking for the inevitable table dispute.

The parallel play: why the twos are worth points

The twos are not really about playing QI for eleven points on its own. They are about laying a word alongside an existing word so that every touching pair of tiles also spells something. Say MAP is already on the board. Play ADO directly beneath it and the columns spell MA, AD and PO — all legal twos — so your turn scores ADO plus all three little words at once. The craft is spotting a lane where every overlap is on the list, and you can only spot legal lanes if you know the twos cold.

A well-chosen parallel play routinely doubles or triples the face value of your tiles, which is why the pros call the two-letter list “the best return on memorisation in games”. For a colourful tour of how these tiny words behave in real racks, The Two-Letter Lifeboats is a fun companion read.

How to memorise them

  • Learn by first letter. The A-group and O-group are half the battle; drill one group per day for a week.
  • Learn the vowel-dumps as a unit. AA, AE, AI, OE, OI — they exist to unload bad racks, so file them together.
  • Attach meanings to the strange ones. QI, ZA, XU and JO stick faster when they mean something (see the table above).
  • Drill the hooks. Half the twos grow into common threes (AX → TAX/WAX/AXE); knowing which ones take an S is free points.

Frequently asked questions

Are the lists different in Scrabble and Words With Friends?

Mostly identical, with edge cases: Words With Friends uses its own dictionary and has historically allowed a few words the NASPA list did not (and vice versa). If a two is rejected, do not panic — it is nearly always a dictionary difference, not your memory.

Is OK a legal Scrabble word now?

Yes — OK entered the official lists in 2018, along with EW. It remains slightly controversial with traditionalists, which makes playing it even more satisfying.

What is the highest-scoring two-letter word?

By raw tile value, QI and ZA (11 points each in Scrabble). On a premium square in a parallel play, either can top thirty points — which is why they are the two most feared little words on the board. For where the twos fit in the wider game, see our complete guide to word games.

NP
About Nora Pemberly
Nora has spent a decade around word puzzles — first checking grids for a syndicated crossword setter, now writing about the games everyone plays at breakfast. She looks after the Word Ways archive and writes the guides on this site. Her Wordle opener is SLATE and she will not be argued out of it.
Word Ways
Founded 1968 by Dmitri Borgmann, at the suggestion of Martin Gardner
Word Ways: The Journal of Recreational Linguistics · Indianapolis, Indiana · Complete archive held at Butler University